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Файл: phpBB3/includes/utf/utf_tools.php
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<?php
/**
*
* @package utf
* @version $Id$
* @copyright (c) 2006 phpBB Group
* @license http://opensource.org/licenses/gpl-license.php GNU Public License
*
*/

/**
*/
if (!defined('IN_PHPBB'))
{
    exit;
}

// Enforce ASCII only string handling
setlocale(LC_CTYPE'C');

/**
* UTF-8 tools
*
* Whenever possible, these functions will try to use PHP's built-in functions or
* extensions, otherwise they will default to custom routines.
*
* @package utf
*/

if (!extension_loaded('xml'))
{
    
/**
    * Implementation of PHP's native utf8_encode for people without XML support
    * This function exploits some nice things that ISO-8859-1 and UTF-8 have in common
    *
    * @param string $str ISO-8859-1 encoded data
    * @return string UTF-8 encoded data
    */
    
function utf8_encode($str)
    {
        
$out '';
        for (
$i 0$len strlen($str); $i $len$i++)
        {
            
$letter $str[$i];
            
$num ord($letter);
            if (
$num 0x80)
            {
                
$out .= $letter;
            }
            else if (
$num 0xC0)
            {
                
$out .= "xC2" $letter;
            }
            else
            {
                
$out .= "xC3" chr($num 64);
            }
        }
        return 
$out;
    }

    
/**
    * Implementation of PHP's native utf8_decode for people without XML support
    *
    * @param string $str UTF-8 encoded data
    * @return string ISO-8859-1 encoded data
    */
    
function utf8_decode($str)
    {
        
$pos 0;
        
$len strlen($str);
        
$ret '';

        while (
$pos $len)
        {
            
$ord ord($str[$pos]) & 0xF0;
            if (
$ord === 0xC0 || $ord === 0xD0)
            {
                
$charval = ((ord($str[$pos]) & 0x1F) << 6) | (ord($str[$pos 1]) & 0x3F);
                
$pos += 2;
                
$ret .= (($charval 256) ? chr($charval) : '?');
            }
            else if (
$ord === 0xE0)
            {
                
$ret .= '?';
                
$pos += 3;
            }
            else if (
$ord === 0xF0)
            {
                
$ret .= '?';
                
$pos += 4;
            }
            else
            {
                
$ret .= $str[$pos];
                ++
$pos;
            }
        }
        return 
$ret;
    }
}

// mbstring is old and has it's functions around for older versions of PHP.
// if mbstring is not loaded, we go into native mode.
if (extension_loaded('mbstring'))
{
    
mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strrpos
    * Find position of last occurrence of a char in a string
    *
    * Notes:
    * - offset for mb_strrpos was added in 5.2.0, we emulate if it is lower
    */
    
if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION'5.2.0''>='))
    {
        
/**
        * UTF-8 aware alternative to strrpos
        * @ignore
        */
        
function utf8_strrpos($str,    $needle$offset null)
        {
            
// Emulate behaviour of strrpos rather than raising warning
            
if (empty($str))
            {
                return 
false;
            }

            if (
is_null($offset))
            {
                return 
mb_strrpos($str$needle);
            }
            else
            {
                return 
mb_strrpos($str$needle$offset);
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        
/**
        * UTF-8 aware alternative to strrpos
        * @ignore
        */
        
function utf8_strrpos($str,    $needle$offset null)
        {
            
// offset for mb_strrpos was added in 5.2.0
            
if (is_null($offset))
            {
                
// Emulate behaviour of strrpos rather than raising warning
                
if (empty($str))
                {
                    return 
false;
                }

                return 
mb_strrpos($str$needle);
            }
            else
            {
                if (!
is_int($offset))
                {
                    
trigger_error('utf8_strrpos expects parameter 3 to be long'E_USER_ERROR);
                    return 
false;
                }

                
$str mb_substr($str$offset);

                if (
false !== ($pos mb_strrpos($str$needle)))
                {
                    return 
$pos $offset;
                }

                return 
false;
            }
        }
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strpos
    * @ignore
    */
    
function utf8_strpos($str$needle$offset null)
    {
        if (
is_null($offset))
        {
            return 
mb_strpos($str$needle);
        }
        else
        {
            return 
mb_strpos($str$needle$offset);
        }
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strtolower
    * @ignore
    */
    
function utf8_strtolower($str)
    {
        return 
mb_strtolower($str);
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strtoupper
    * @ignore
    */
    
function utf8_strtoupper($str)
    {
        return 
mb_strtoupper($str);
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to substr
    * @ignore
    */
    
function utf8_substr($str$offset$length null)
    {
        if (
is_null($length))
        {
            return 
mb_substr($str$offset);
        }
        else
        {
            return 
mb_substr($str$offset$length);
        }
    }

    
/**
    * Return the length (in characters) of a UTF-8 string
    * @ignore
    */
    
function utf8_strlen($text)
    {
        return 
mb_strlen($text'utf-8');
    }
}
else
{
    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strrpos
    * Find position of last occurrence of a char in a string
    *
    * @author Harry Fuecks
    * @param string $str haystack
    * @param string $needle needle
    * @param integer $offset (optional) offset (from left)
    * @return mixed integer position or FALSE on failure
    */
    
function utf8_strrpos($str,    $needle$offset null)
    {
        if (
is_null($offset))
        {
            
$ar    explode($needle$str);

            if (
sizeof($ar) > 1)
            {
                
// Pop off the end of the string where the last    match was made
                
array_pop($ar);
                
$str join($needle$ar);

                return 
utf8_strlen($str);
            }
            return 
false;
        }
        else
        {
            if (!
is_int($offset))
            {
                
trigger_error('utf8_strrpos    expects    parameter 3    to be long'E_USER_ERROR);
                return 
false;
            }

            
$str utf8_substr($str$offset);

            if (
false !== ($pos utf8_strrpos($str$needle)))
            {
                return 
$pos    $offset;
            }

            return 
false;
        }
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strpos
    * Find position of first occurrence of a string
    *
    * @author Harry Fuecks
    * @param string $str haystack
    * @param string $needle needle
    * @param integer $offset offset in characters (from left)
    * @return mixed integer position or FALSE on failure
    */
    
function utf8_strpos($str$needle$offset null)
    {
        if (
is_null($offset))
        {
            
$ar explode($needle$str);
            if (
sizeof($ar) > 1)
            {
                return 
utf8_strlen($ar[0]);
            }
            return 
false;
        }
        else
        {
            if (!
is_int($offset))
            {
                
trigger_error('utf8_strpos:  Offset must  be an integer'E_USER_ERROR);
                return 
false;
            }

            
$str utf8_substr($str$offset);

            if (
false !== ($pos utf8_strpos($str$needle)))
            {
                return 
$pos $offset;
            }

            return 
false;
        }
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strtolower
    * Make a string lowercase
    * Note: The concept of a characters "case" only exists is some alphabets
    * such as Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Armenian and archaic Georgian - it does
    * not exist in the Chinese alphabet, for example. See Unicode Standard
    * Annex #21: Case Mappings
    *
    * @param string
    * @return string string in lowercase
    */
    
function utf8_strtolower($string)
    {
        static 
$utf8_upper_to_lower = array(
            
"xC3x80" => "xC3xA0""xC3x81" => "xC3xA1",
            
"xC3x82" => "xC3xA2""xC3x83" => "xC3xA3""xC3x84" => "xC3xA4""xC3x85" => "xC3xA5",
            
"xC3x86" => "xC3xA6""xC3x87" => "xC3xA7""xC3x88" => "xC3xA8""xC3x89" => "xC3xA9",
            
"xC3x8A" => "xC3xAA""xC3x8B" => "xC3xAB""xC3x8C" => "xC3xAC""xC3x8D" => "xC3xAD",
            
"xC3x8E" => "xC3xAE""xC3x8F" => "xC3xAF""xC3x90" => "xC3xB0""xC3x91" => "xC3xB1",
            
"xC3x92" => "xC3xB2""xC3x93" => "xC3xB3""xC3x94" => "xC3xB4""xC3x95" => "xC3xB5",
            
"xC3x96" => "xC3xB6""xC3x98" => "xC3xB8""xC3x99" => "xC3xB9""xC3x9A" => "xC3xBA",
            
"xC3x9B" => "xC3xBB""xC3x9C" => "xC3xBC""xC3x9D" => "xC3xBD""xC3x9E" => "xC3xBE",
            
"xC4x80" => "xC4x81""xC4x82" => "xC4x83""xC4x84" => "xC4x85""xC4x86" => "xC4x87",
            
"xC4x88" => "xC4x89""xC4x8A" => "xC4x8B""xC4x8C" => "xC4x8D""xC4x8E" => "xC4x8F",
            
"xC4x90" => "xC4x91""xC4x92" => "xC4x93""xC4x96" => "xC4x97""xC4x98" => "xC4x99",
            
"xC4x9A" => "xC4x9B""xC4x9C" => "xC4x9D""xC4x9E" => "xC4x9F""xC4xA0" => "xC4xA1",
            
"xC4xA2" => "xC4xA3""xC4xA4" => "xC4xA5""xC4xA6" => "xC4xA7""xC4xA8" => "xC4xA9",
            
"xC4xAA" => "xC4xAB""xC4xAE" => "xC4xAF""xC4xB4" => "xC4xB5""xC4xB6" => "xC4xB7",
            
"xC4xB9" => "xC4xBA""xC4xBB" => "xC4xBC""xC4xBD" => "xC4xBE""xC5x81" => "xC5x82",
            
"xC5x83" => "xC5x84""xC5x85" => "xC5x86""xC5x87" => "xC5x88""xC5x8A" => "xC5x8B",
            
"xC5x8C" => "xC5x8D""xC5x90" => "xC5x91""xC5x94" => "xC5x95""xC5x96" => "xC5x97",
            
"xC5x98" => "xC5x99""xC5x9A" => "xC5x9B""xC5x9C" => "xC5x9D""xC5x9E" => "xC5x9F",
            
"xC5xA0" => "xC5xA1""xC5xA2" => "xC5xA3""xC5xA4" => "xC5xA5""xC5xA6" => "xC5xA7",
            
"xC5xA8" => "xC5xA9""xC5xAA" => "xC5xAB""xC5xAC" => "xC5xAD""xC5xAE" => "xC5xAF",
            
"xC5xB0" => "xC5xB1""xC5xB2" => "xC5xB3""xC5xB4" => "xC5xB5""xC5xB6" => "xC5xB7",
            
"xC5xB8" => "xC3xBF""xC5xB9" => "xC5xBA""xC5xBB" => "xC5xBC""xC5xBD" => "xC5xBE",
            
"xC6xA0" => "xC6xA1""xC6xAF" => "xC6xB0""xC8x98" => "xC8x99""xC8x9A" => "xC8x9B",
            
"xCEx86" => "xCExAC""xCEx88" => "xCExAD""xCEx89" => "xCExAE""xCEx8A" => "xCExAF",
            
"xCEx8C" => "xCFx8C""xCEx8E" => "xCFx8D""xCEx8F" => "xCFx8E""xCEx91" => "xCExB1",
            
"xCEx92" => "xCExB2""xCEx93" => "xCExB3""xCEx94" => "xCExB4""xCEx95" => "xCExB5",
            
"xCEx96" => "xCExB6""xCEx97" => "xCExB7""xCEx98" => "xCExB8""xCEx99" => "xCExB9",
            
"xCEx9A" => "xCExBA""xCEx9B" => "xCExBB""xCEx9C" => "xCExBC""xCEx9D" => "xCExBD",
            
"xCEx9E" => "xCExBE""xCEx9F" => "xCExBF""xCExA0" => "xCFx80""xCExA1" => "xCFx81",
            
"xCExA3" => "xCFx83""xCExA4" => "xCFx84""xCExA5" => "xCFx85""xCExA6" => "xCFx86",
            
"xCExA7" => "xCFx87""xCExA8" => "xCFx88""xCExA9" => "xCFx89""xCExAA" => "xCFx8A",
            
"xCExAB" => "xCFx8B""xD0x81" => "xD1x91""xD0x82" => "xD1x92""xD0x83" => "xD1x93",
            
"xD0x84" => "xD1x94""xD0x85" => "xD1x95""xD0x86" => "xD1x96""xD0x87" => "xD1x97",
            
"xD0x88" => "xD1x98""xD0x89" => "xD1x99""xD0x8A" => "xD1x9A""xD0x8B" => "xD1x9B",
            
"xD0x8C" => "xD1x9C""xD0x8E" => "xD1x9E""xD0x8F" => "xD1x9F""xD0x90" => "xD0xB0",
            
"xD0x91" => "xD0xB1""xD0x92" => "xD0xB2""xD0x93" => "xD0xB3""xD0x94" => "xD0xB4",
            
"xD0x95" => "xD0xB5""xD0x96" => "xD0xB6""xD0x97" => "xD0xB7""xD0x98" => "xD0xB8",
            
"xD0x99" => "xD0xB9""xD0x9A" => "xD0xBA""xD0x9B" => "xD0xBB""xD0x9C" => "xD0xBC",
            
"xD0x9D" => "xD0xBD""xD0x9E" => "xD0xBE""xD0x9F" => "xD0xBF""xD0xA0" => "xD1x80",
            
"xD0xA1" => "xD1x81""xD0xA2" => "xD1x82""xD0xA3" => "xD1x83""xD0xA4" => "xD1x84",
            
"xD0xA5" => "xD1x85""xD0xA6" => "xD1x86""xD0xA7" => "xD1x87""xD0xA8" => "xD1x88",
            
"xD0xA9" => "xD1x89""xD0xAA" => "xD1x8A""xD0xAB" => "xD1x8B""xD0xAC" => "xD1x8C",
            
"xD0xAD" => "xD1x8D""xD0xAE" => "xD1x8E""xD0xAF" => "xD1x8F""xD2x90" => "xD2x91",
            
"xE1xB8x82" => "xE1xB8x83""xE1xB8x8A" => "xE1xB8x8B""xE1xB8x9E" => "xE1xB8x9F""xE1xB9x80" => "xE1xB9x81",
            
"xE1xB9x96" => "xE1xB9x97""xE1xB9xA0" => "xE1xB9xA1""xE1xB9xAA" => "xE1xB9xAB""xE1xBAx80" => "xE1xBAx81",
            
"xE1xBAx82" => "xE1xBAx83""xE1xBAx84" => "xE1xBAx85""xE1xBBxB2" => "xE1xBBxB3"
        
);

        return 
strtr(strtolower($string), $utf8_upper_to_lower);
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to strtoupper
    * Make a string uppercase
    * Note: The concept of a characters "case" only exists is some alphabets
    * such as Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Armenian and archaic Georgian - it does
    * not exist in the Chinese alphabet, for example. See Unicode Standard
    * Annex #21: Case Mappings
    *
    * @param string
    * @return string string in uppercase
    */
    
function utf8_strtoupper($string)
    {
        static 
$utf8_lower_to_upper = array(
            
"xC3xA0" => "xC3x80""xC3xA1" => "xC3x81",
            
"xC3xA2" => "xC3x82""xC3xA3" => "xC3x83""xC3xA4" => "xC3x84""xC3xA5" => "xC3x85",
            
"xC3xA6" => "xC3x86""xC3xA7" => "xC3x87""xC3xA8" => "xC3x88""xC3xA9" => "xC3x89",
            
"xC3xAA" => "xC3x8A""xC3xAB" => "xC3x8B""xC3xAC" => "xC3x8C""xC3xAD" => "xC3x8D",
            
"xC3xAE" => "xC3x8E""xC3xAF" => "xC3x8F""xC3xB0" => "xC3x90""xC3xB1" => "xC3x91",
            
"xC3xB2" => "xC3x92""xC3xB3" => "xC3x93""xC3xB4" => "xC3x94""xC3xB5" => "xC3x95",
            
"xC3xB6" => "xC3x96""xC3xB8" => "xC3x98""xC3xB9" => "xC3x99""xC3xBA" => "xC3x9A",
            
"xC3xBB" => "xC3x9B""xC3xBC" => "xC3x9C""xC3xBD" => "xC3x9D""xC3xBE" => "xC3x9E",
            
"xC3xBF" => "xC5xB8""xC4x81" => "xC4x80""xC4x83" => "xC4x82""xC4x85" => "xC4x84",
            
"xC4x87" => "xC4x86""xC4x89" => "xC4x88""xC4x8B" => "xC4x8A""xC4x8D" => "xC4x8C",
            
"xC4x8F" => "xC4x8E""xC4x91" => "xC4x90""xC4x93" => "xC4x92""xC4x97" => "xC4x96",
            
"xC4x99" => "xC4x98""xC4x9B" => "xC4x9A""xC4x9D" => "xC4x9C""xC4x9F" => "xC4x9E",
            
"xC4xA1" => "xC4xA0""xC4xA3" => "xC4xA2""xC4xA5" => "xC4xA4""xC4xA7" => "xC4xA6",
            
"xC4xA9" => "xC4xA8""xC4xAB" => "xC4xAA""xC4xAF" => "xC4xAE""xC4xB5" => "xC4xB4",
            
"xC4xB7" => "xC4xB6""xC4xBA" => "xC4xB9""xC4xBC" => "xC4xBB""xC4xBE" => "xC4xBD",
            
"xC5x82" => "xC5x81""xC5x84" => "xC5x83""xC5x86" => "xC5x85""xC5x88" => "xC5x87",
            
"xC5x8B" => "xC5x8A""xC5x8D" => "xC5x8C""xC5x91" => "xC5x90""xC5x95" => "xC5x94",
            
"xC5x97" => "xC5x96""xC5x99" => "xC5x98""xC5x9B" => "xC5x9A""xC5x9D" => "xC5x9C",
            
"xC5x9F" => "xC5x9E""xC5xA1" => "xC5xA0""xC5xA3" => "xC5xA2""xC5xA5" => "xC5xA4",
            
"xC5xA7" => "xC5xA6""xC5xA9" => "xC5xA8""xC5xAB" => "xC5xAA""xC5xAD" => "xC5xAC",
            
"xC5xAF" => "xC5xAE""xC5xB1" => "xC5xB0""xC5xB3" => "xC5xB2""xC5xB5" => "xC5xB4",
            
"xC5xB7" => "xC5xB6""xC5xBA" => "xC5xB9""xC5xBC" => "xC5xBB""xC5xBE" => "xC5xBD",
            
"xC6xA1" => "xC6xA0""xC6xB0" => "xC6xAF""xC8x99" => "xC8x98""xC8x9B" => "xC8x9A",
            
"xCExAC" => "xCEx86""xCExAD" => "xCEx88""xCExAE" => "xCEx89""xCExAF" => "xCEx8A",
            
"xCExB1" => "xCEx91""xCExB2" => "xCEx92""xCExB3" => "xCEx93""xCExB4" => "xCEx94",
            
"xCExB5" => "xCEx95""xCExB6" => "xCEx96""xCExB7" => "xCEx97""xCExB8" => "xCEx98",
            
"xCExB9" => "xCEx99""xCExBA" => "xCEx9A""xCExBB" => "xCEx9B""xCExBC" => "xCEx9C",
            
"xCExBD" => "xCEx9D""xCExBE" => "xCEx9E""xCExBF" => "xCEx9F""xCFx80" => "xCExA0",
            
"xCFx81" => "xCExA1""xCFx83" => "xCExA3""xCFx84" => "xCExA4""xCFx85" => "xCExA5",
            
"xCFx86" => "xCExA6""xCFx87" => "xCExA7""xCFx88" => "xCExA8""xCFx89" => "xCExA9",
            
"xCFx8A" => "xCExAA""xCFx8B" => "xCExAB""xCFx8C" => "xCEx8C""xCFx8D" => "xCEx8E",
            
"xCFx8E" => "xCEx8F""xD0xB0" => "xD0x90""xD0xB1" => "xD0x91""xD0xB2" => "xD0x92",
            
"xD0xB3" => "xD0x93""xD0xB4" => "xD0x94""xD0xB5" => "xD0x95""xD0xB6" => "xD0x96",
            
"xD0xB7" => "xD0x97""xD0xB8" => "xD0x98""xD0xB9" => "xD0x99""xD0xBA" => "xD0x9A",
            
"xD0xBB" => "xD0x9B""xD0xBC" => "xD0x9C""xD0xBD" => "xD0x9D""xD0xBE" => "xD0x9E",
            
"xD0xBF" => "xD0x9F""xD1x80" => "xD0xA0""xD1x81" => "xD0xA1""xD1x82" => "xD0xA2",
            
"xD1x83" => "xD0xA3""xD1x84" => "xD0xA4""xD1x85" => "xD0xA5""xD1x86" => "xD0xA6",
            
"xD1x87" => "xD0xA7""xD1x88" => "xD0xA8""xD1x89" => "xD0xA9""xD1x8A" => "xD0xAA",
            
"xD1x8B" => "xD0xAB""xD1x8C" => "xD0xAC""xD1x8D" => "xD0xAD""xD1x8E" => "xD0xAE",
            
"xD1x8F" => "xD0xAF""xD1x91" => "xD0x81""xD1x92" => "xD0x82""xD1x93" => "xD0x83",
            
"xD1x94" => "xD0x84""xD1x95" => "xD0x85""xD1x96" => "xD0x86""xD1x97" => "xD0x87",
            
"xD1x98" => "xD0x88""xD1x99" => "xD0x89""xD1x9A" => "xD0x8A""xD1x9B" => "xD0x8B",
            
"xD1x9C" => "xD0x8C""xD1x9E" => "xD0x8E""xD1x9F" => "xD0x8F""xD2x91" => "xD2x90",
            
"xE1xB8x83" => "xE1xB8x82""xE1xB8x8B" => "xE1xB8x8A""xE1xB8x9F" => "xE1xB8x9E""xE1xB9x81" => "xE1xB9x80",
            
"xE1xB9x97" => "xE1xB9x96""xE1xB9xA1" => "xE1xB9xA0""xE1xB9xAB" => "xE1xB9xAA""xE1xBAx81" => "xE1xBAx80",
            
"xE1xBAx83" => "xE1xBAx82""xE1xBAx85" => "xE1xBAx84""xE1xBBxB3" => "xE1xBBxB2"
        
);

        return 
strtr(strtoupper($string), $utf8_lower_to_upper);
    }

    
/**
    * UTF-8 aware alternative to substr
    * Return part of a string given character offset (and optionally length)
    *
    * Note arguments: comparied to substr - if offset or length are
    * not integers, this version will not complain but rather massages them
    * into an integer.
    *
    * Note on returned values: substr documentation states false can be
    * returned in some cases (e.g. offset > string length)
    * mb_substr never returns false, it will return an empty string instead.
    * This adopts the mb_substr approach
    *
    * Note on implementation: PCRE only supports repetitions of less than
    * 65536, in order to accept up to MAXINT values for offset and length,
    * we'll repeat a group of 65535 characters when needed.
    *
    * Note on implementation: calculating the number of characters in the
    * string is a relatively expensive operation, so we only carry it out when
    * necessary. It isn't necessary for +ve offsets and no specified length
    *
    * @author Chris Smith<chris@jalakai.co.uk>
    * @param string $str
    * @param integer $offset number of UTF-8 characters offset (from left)
    * @param integer $length (optional) length in UTF-8 characters from offset
    * @return mixed string or FALSE if failure
    */
    
function utf8_substr($str$offset$length NULL)
    {
        
// generates E_NOTICE
        // for PHP4 objects, but not PHP5 objects
        
$str = (string) $str;
        
$offset = (int) $offset;
        if (!
is_null($length))
        {
            
$length = (int) $length;
        }

        
// handle trivial cases
        
if ($length === || ($offset && $length && $length $offset))
        {
            return 
'';
        }

        
// normalise negative offsets (we could use a tail
        // anchored pattern, but they are horribly slow!)
        
if ($offset 0)
        {
            
// see notes
            
$strlen utf8_strlen($str);
            
$offset $strlen $offset;
            if (
$offset 0)
            {
                
$offset 0;
            }
        }

        
$op '';
        
$lp '';

        
// establish a pattern for offset, a
        // non-captured group equal in length to offset
        
if ($offset 0)
        {
            
$ox = (int) ($offset 65535);
            
$oy $offset 65535;

            if (
$ox)
            {
                
$op '(?:.{65535}){' $ox '}';
            }

            
$op '^(?:' $op '.{' $oy '})';
        }
        else
        {
            
// offset == 0; just anchor the pattern
            
$op '^';
        }

        
// establish a pattern for length
        
if (is_null($length))
        {
            
// the rest of the string
            
$lp '(.*)$';
        }
        else
        {
            if (!isset(
$strlen))
            {
                
// see notes
                
$strlen utf8_strlen($str);
            }

            
// another trivial case
            
if ($offset $strlen)
            {
                return 
'';
            }

            if (
$length 0)
            {
                
// reduce any length that would
                // go passed the end of the string
                
$length min($strlen $offset$length);

                
$lx = (int) ($length 65535);
                
$ly $length 65535;

                
// negative length requires a captured group
                // of length characters
                
if ($lx)
                {
                    
$lp '(?:.{65535}){' $lx '}';
                }
                
$lp '(' $lp '.{'$ly '})';
            }
            else if (
$length 0)
            {
                if (
$length < ($offset $strlen))
                {
                    return 
'';
                }

                
$lx = (int)((-$length) / 65535);
                
$ly = (-$length) % 65535;

                
// negative length requires ... capture everything
                // except a group of  -length characters
                // anchored at the tail-end of the string
                
if ($lx)
                {
                    
$lp '(?:.{65535}){' $lx '}';
                }
                
$lp '(.*)(?:' $lp '.{' $ly '})$';
            }
        }

        if (!
preg_match('#' $op $lp '#us'$str$match))
        {
            return 
'';
        }

        return 
$match[1];
    }

    
/**
    * Return the length (in characters) of a UTF-8 string
    *
    * @param    string    $text        UTF-8 string
    * @return    integer                Length (in chars) of given string
    */
    
function utf8_strlen($text)
    {
        
// Since utf8_decode is replacing multibyte characters to ? strlen works fine
        
return strlen(utf8_decode($text));
    }
}

/**
* UTF-8 aware alternative to str_split
* Convert a string to an array
*
* @author Harry Fuecks
* @param string $str UTF-8 encoded
* @param int $split_len number to characters to split string by
* @return array characters in string reverses
*/
function utf8_str_split($str$split_len 1)
{
    if (!
is_int($split_len) || $split_len 1)
    {
        return 
false;
    }

    
$len utf8_strlen($str);
    if (
$len <= $split_len)
    {
        return array(
$str);
    }

    
preg_match_all('/.{' $split_len '}|[^x00]{1,' $split_len '}$/us'$str$ar);
    return 
$ar[0];
}

/**
* UTF-8 aware alternative to strspn
* Find length of initial segment matching the mask
*
* @author Harry Fuecks
*/
function utf8_strspn($str$mask$start null$length null)
{
    if (
$start !== null || $length !== null)
    {
        
$str utf8_substr($str$start$length);
    }

    
preg_match('/^[' $mask ']+/u'$str$matches);

    if (isset(
$matches[0]))
    {
        return 
utf8_strlen($matches[0]);
    }

    return 
0;
}

/**
* UTF-8 aware alternative to ucfirst
* Make a string's first character uppercase
*
* @author Harry Fuecks
* @param string
* @return string with first character as upper case (if applicable)
*/
function utf8_ucfirst($str)
{
    switch (
utf8_strlen($str))
    {
        case 
0:
            return 
'';
        break;

        case 
1:
            return 
utf8_strtoupper($str);
        break;

        default:
            
preg_match('/^(.{1})(.*)$/us'$str$matches);
            return 
utf8_strtoupper($matches[1]) . $matches[2];
        break;
    }
}

/**
* Recode a string to UTF-8
*
* If the encoding is not supported, the string is returned as-is
*
* @param    string    $string        Original string
* @param    string    $encoding    Original encoding (lowered)
* @return    string                The string, encoded in UTF-8
*/
function utf8_recode($string$encoding)
{
    
$encoding strtolower($encoding);

    if (
$encoding == 'utf-8' || !is_string($string) || empty($string))
    {
        return 
$string;
    }

    
// we force iso-8859-1 to be cp1252
    
if ($encoding == 'iso-8859-1')
    {
        
$encoding 'cp1252';
    }
    
// convert iso-8859-8-i to iso-8859-8
    
else if ($encoding == 'iso-8859-8-i')
    {
        
$encoding 'iso-8859-8';
        
$string hebrev($string);
    }

    
// First, try iconv()
    
if (function_exists('iconv'))
    {
        
$ret = @iconv($encoding'utf-8'$string);

        if (!empty(
$ret))
        {
            return 
$ret;
        }
    }

    
// Try the mb_string extension
    
if (function_exists('mb_convert_encoding'))
    {
        
// mbstring is nasty on PHP4, we must make *sure* that we send a good encoding
        
switch ($encoding)
        {
            case 
'iso-8859-1':
            case 
'iso-8859-2':
            case 
'iso-8859-4':
            case 
'iso-8859-7':
            case 
'iso-8859-9':
            case 
'iso-8859-15':
            case 
'windows-1251':
            case 
'windows-1252':
            case 
'cp1252':
            case 
'shift_jis':
            case 
'euc-kr':
            case 
'big5':
            case 
'gb2312':
                
$ret = @mb_convert_encoding($string'utf-8'$encoding);

                if (!empty(
$ret))
                {
                    return 
$ret;
                }
        }
    }

    
// Try the recode extension
    
if (function_exists('recode_string'))
    {
        
$ret = @recode_string($encoding '..utf-8'$string);

        if (!empty(
$ret))
        {
            return 
$ret;
        }
    }

    
// If nothing works, check if we have a custom transcoder available
    
if (!preg_match('#^[a-z0-9_ \-]+$#'$encoding))
    {
        
// Make sure the encoding name is alphanumeric, we don't want it to be abused into loading arbitrary files
        
trigger_error('Unknown encoding: ' $encodingE_USER_ERROR);
    }

    global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;

    
// iso-8859-* character encoding
    
if (preg_match('/iso[_ -]?8859[_ -]?(\d+)/'$encoding$array))
    {
        switch (
$array[1])
        {
            case 
'1':
            case 
'2':
            case 
'4':
            case 
'7':
            case 
'8':
            case 
'9':
            case 
'15':
                if (!
function_exists('iso_8859_' $array[1]))
                {
                    if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_basic.' $phpEx))
                    {
                        
trigger_error('Basic reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
                    }
                    include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_basic.' $phpEx);
                }
                return 
call_user_func('iso_8859_' $array[1], $string);
            break;

            default:
                
trigger_error('Unknown encoding: ' $encodingE_USER_ERROR);
            break;
        }
    }

    
// CP/WIN character encoding
    
if (preg_match('/(?:cp|windows)[_- ]?(\d+)/'$encoding$array))
    {
        switch (
$array[1])
        {
            case 
'932':
            break;
            case 
'1250':
            case 
'1251':
            case 
'1252':
            case 
'1254':
            case 
'1255':
            case 
'1256':
            case 
'1257':
            case 
'874':
                if (!
function_exists('cp' $array[1]))
                {
                    if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_basic.' $phpEx))
                    {
                        
trigger_error('Basic reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
                    }
                    include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_basic.' $phpEx);
                }
                return 
call_user_func('cp' $array[1], $string);
            break;

            default:
                
trigger_error('Unknown encoding: ' $encodingE_USER_ERROR);
            break;
        }
    }

    
// TIS-620
    
if (preg_match('/tis[_ -]?620/'$encoding))
    {
        if (!
function_exists('tis_620'))
        {
            if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_basic.' $phpEx))
            {
                
trigger_error('Basic reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
            }
            include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_basic.' $phpEx);
        }
        return 
tis_620($string);
    }

    
// SJIS
    
if (preg_match('/sjis(?:[_ -]?win)?|(?:cp|ibm)[_ -]?932|shift[_ -]?jis/'$encoding))
    {
        if (!
function_exists('sjis'))
        {
            if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx))
            {
                
trigger_error('CJK reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
            }
            include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx);
        }
        return 
sjis($string);
    }

    
// EUC_KR
    
if (preg_match('/euc[_ -]?kr/'$encoding))
    {
        if (!
function_exists('euc_kr'))
        {
            if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx))
            {
                
trigger_error('CJK reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
            }
            include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx);
        }
        return 
euc_kr($string);
    }

    
// BIG-5
    
if (preg_match('/big[_ -]?5/'$encoding))
    {
        if (!
function_exists('big5'))
        {
            if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx))
            {
                
trigger_error('CJK reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
            }
            include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx);
        }
        return 
big5($string);
    }

    
// GB2312
    
if (preg_match('/gb[_ -]?2312/'$encoding))
    {
        if (!
function_exists('gb2312'))
        {
            if (!
file_exists($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx))
            {
                
trigger_error('CJK reencoder file is missing'E_USER_ERROR);
            }
            include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/recode_cjk.' $phpEx);
        }
        return 
gb2312($string);
    }

    
// Trigger an error?! Fow now just give bad data :-(
    
trigger_error('Unknown encoding: ' $encodingE_USER_ERROR);
    
//return $string; // use utf_normalizer::cleanup() ?
}

/**
* Replace all UTF-8 chars that are not in ASCII with their NCR
*
* @param    string    $text        UTF-8 string in NFC
* @return    string                ASCII string using NCRs for non-ASCII chars
*/
function utf8_encode_ncr($text)
{
    return 
preg_replace_callback('#[\xC2-\xF4][\x80-\xBF]{1,3}#''utf8_encode_ncr_callback'$text);
}

/**
* Callback used in encode_ncr()
*
* Takes a UTF-8 char and replaces it with its NCR. Attention, $m is an array
*
* @param    array    $m            0-based numerically indexed array passed by preg_replace_callback()
* @return    string                A HTML NCR if the character is valid, or the original string otherwise
*/
function utf8_encode_ncr_callback($m)
{
    return 
'&#' utf8_ord($m[0]) . ';';
}

/**
* Converts a UTF-8 char to an NCR
*
* @param string $chr UTF-8 char
* @return integer UNICODE code point
*/
function utf8_ord($chr)
{
    switch (
strlen($chr))
    {
        case 
1:
            return 
ord($chr);
        break;

        case 
2:
            return ((
ord($chr[0]) & 0x1F) << 6) | (ord($chr[1]) & 0x3F);
        break;

        case 
3:
            return ((
ord($chr[0]) & 0x0F) << 12) | ((ord($chr[1]) & 0x3F) << 6) | (ord($chr[2]) & 0x3F);
        break;

        case 
4:
            return ((
ord($chr[0]) & 0x07) << 18) | ((ord($chr[1]) & 0x3F) << 12) | ((ord($chr[2]) & 0x3F) << 6) | (ord($chr[3]) & 0x3F);
        break;

        default:
            return 
$chr;
    }
}

/**
* Converts an NCR to a UTF-8 char
*
* @param    int        $cp    UNICODE code point
* @return    string        UTF-8 char
*/
function utf8_chr($cp)
{
    if (
$cp 0xFFFF)
    {
        return 
chr(0xF0 | ($cp >> 18)) . chr(0x80 | (($cp >> 12) & 0x3F)) . chr(0x80 | (($cp >> 6) & 0x3F)) . chr(0x80 | ($cp 0x3F));
    }
    else if (
$cp 0x7FF)
    {
        return 
chr(0xE0 | ($cp >> 12)) . chr(0x80 | (($cp >> 6) & 0x3F)) . chr(0x80 | ($cp 0x3F));
    }
    else if (
$cp 0x7F)
    {
        return 
chr(0xC0 | ($cp >> 6)) . chr(0x80 | ($cp 0x3F));
    }
    else
    {
        return 
chr($cp);
    }
}

/**
* Convert Numeric Character References to UTF-8 chars
*
* Notes:
*    - we do not convert NCRs recursively, if you pass &#38;#38; it will return &#38;
*    - we DO NOT check for the existence of the Unicode characters, therefore an entity may be converted to an inexistent codepoint
*
* @param    string    $text        String to convert, encoded in UTF-8 (no normal form required)
* @return    string                UTF-8 string where NCRs have been replaced with the actual chars
*/
function utf8_decode_ncr($text)
{
    return 
preg_replace_callback('/&#([0-9]{1,6}|x[0-9A-F]{1,5});/i''utf8_decode_ncr_callback'$text);
}

/**
* Callback used in decode_ncr()
*
* Takes a NCR (in decimal or hexadecimal) and returns a UTF-8 char. Attention, $m is an array.
* It will ignore most of invalid NCRs, but not all!
*
* @param    array    $m            0-based numerically indexed array passed by preg_replace_callback()
* @return    string                UTF-8 char
*/
function utf8_decode_ncr_callback($m)
{
    
$cp = (strncasecmp($m[1], 'x'1)) ? $m[1] : hexdec(substr($m[1], 1));

    return 
utf8_chr($cp);
}

/**
* Case folds a unicode string as per Unicode 5.0, section 3.13
*
* @param    string    $text    text to be case folded
* @param    string    $option    determines how we will fold the cases
* @return    string            case folded text
*/
function utf8_case_fold($text$option 'full')
{
    static 
$uniarray = array();
    global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;

    
// common is always set
    
if (!isset($uniarray['c']))
    {
        
$uniarray['c'] = include($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/case_fold_c.' $phpEx);
    }

    
// only set full if we need to
    
if ($option === 'full' && !isset($uniarray['f']))
    {
        
$uniarray['f'] = include($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/case_fold_f.' $phpEx);
    }

    
// only set simple if we need to
    
if ($option !== 'full' && !isset($uniarray['s']))
    {
        
$uniarray['s'] = include($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/case_fold_s.' $phpEx);
    }

    
// common is always replaced
    
$text strtr($text$uniarray['c']);

    if (
$option === 'full')
    {
        
// full replaces a character with multiple characters
        
$text strtr($text$uniarray['f']);
    }
    else
    {
        
// simple replaces a character with another character
        
$text strtr($text$uniarray['s']);
    }

    return 
$text;
}

/**
* Takes the input and does a "special" case fold. It does minor normalization
* and returns NFKC compatable text
*
* @param    string    $text    text to be case folded
* @param    string    $option    determines how we will fold the cases
* @return    string            case folded text
*/
function utf8_case_fold_nfkc($text$option 'full')
{
    static 
$fc_nfkc_closure = array(
        
"xCDxBA"    => "x20xCExB9",
        
"xCFx92"    => "xCFx85",
        
"xCFx93"    => "xCFx8D",
        
"xCFx94"    => "xCFx8B",
        
"xCFxB2"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xCFxB9"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xE1xB4xAC"    => "x61",
        
"xE1xB4xAD"    => "xC3xA6",
        
"xE1xB4xAE"    => "x62",
        
"xE1xB4xB0"    => "x64",
        
"xE1xB4xB1"    => "x65",
        
"xE1xB4xB2"    => "xC7x9D",
        
"xE1xB4xB3"    => "x67",
        
"xE1xB4xB4"    => "x68",
        
"xE1xB4xB5"    => "x69",
        
"xE1xB4xB6"    => "x6A",
        
"xE1xB4xB7"    => "x6B",
        
"xE1xB4xB8"    => "x6C",
        
"xE1xB4xB9"    => "x6D",
        
"xE1xB4xBA"    => "x6E",
        
"xE1xB4xBC"    => "x6F",
        
"xE1xB4xBD"    => "xC8xA3",
        
"xE1xB4xBE"    => "x70",
        
"xE1xB4xBF"    => "x72",
        
"xE1xB5x80"    => "x74",
        
"xE1xB5x81"    => "x75",
        
"xE1xB5x82"    => "x77",
        
"xE2x82xA8"    => "x72x73",
        
"xE2x84x82"    => "x63",
        
"xE2x84x83"    => "xC2xB0x63",
        
"xE2x84x87"    => "xC9x9B",
        
"xE2x84x89"    => "xC2xB0x66",
        
"xE2x84x8B"    => "x68",
        
"xE2x84x8C"    => "x68",
        
"xE2x84x8D"    => "x68",
        
"xE2x84x90"    => "x69",
        
"xE2x84x91"    => "x69",
        
"xE2x84x92"    => "x6C",
        
"xE2x84x95"    => "x6E",
        
"xE2x84x96"    => "x6Ex6F",
        
"xE2x84x99"    => "x70",
        
"xE2x84x9A"    => "x71",
        
"xE2x84x9B"    => "x72",
        
"xE2x84x9C"    => "x72",
        
"xE2x84x9D"    => "x72",
        
"xE2x84xA0"    => "x73x6D",
        
"xE2x84xA1"    => "x74x65x6C",
        
"xE2x84xA2"    => "x74x6D",
        
"xE2x84xA4"    => "x7A",
        
"xE2x84xA8"    => "x7A",
        
"xE2x84xAC"    => "x62",
        
"xE2x84xAD"    => "x63",
        
"xE2x84xB0"    => "x65",
        
"xE2x84xB1"    => "x66",
        
"xE2x84xB3"    => "x6D",
        
"xE2x84xBB"    => "x66x61x78",
        
"xE2x84xBE"    => "xCExB3",
        
"xE2x84xBF"    => "xCFx80",
        
"xE2x85x85"    => "x64",
        
"xE3x89x90"    => "x70x74x65",
        
"xE3x8Bx8C"    => "x68x67",
        
"xE3x8Bx8E"    => "x65x76",
        
"xE3x8Bx8F"    => "x6Cx74x64",
        
"xE3x8DxB1"    => "x68x70x61",
        
"xE3x8DxB3"    => "x61x75",
        
"xE3x8DxB5"    => "x6Fx76",
        
"xE3x8DxBA"    => "x69x75",
        
"xE3x8Ex80"    => "x70x61",
        
"xE3x8Ex81"    => "x6Ex61",
        
"xE3x8Ex82"    => "xCExBCx61",
        
"xE3x8Ex83"    => "x6Dx61",
        
"xE3x8Ex84"    => "x6Bx61",
        
"xE3x8Ex85"    => "x6Bx62",
        
"xE3x8Ex86"    => "x6Dx62",
        
"xE3x8Ex87"    => "x67x62",
        
"xE3x8Ex8A"    => "x70x66",
        
"xE3x8Ex8B"    => "x6Ex66",
        
"xE3x8Ex8C"    => "xCExBCx66",
        
"xE3x8Ex90"    => "x68x7A",
        
"xE3x8Ex91"    => "x6Bx68x7A",
        
"xE3x8Ex92"    => "x6Dx68x7A",
        
"xE3x8Ex93"    => "x67x68x7A",
        
"xE3x8Ex94"    => "x74x68x7A",
        
"xE3x8ExA9"    => "x70x61",
        
"xE3x8ExAA"    => "x6Bx70x61",
        
"xE3x8ExAB"    => "x6Dx70x61",
        
"xE3x8ExAC"    => "x67x70x61",
        
"xE3x8ExB4"    => "x70x76",
        
"xE3x8ExB5"    => "x6Ex76",
        
"xE3x8ExB6"    => "xCExBCx76",
        
"xE3x8ExB7"    => "x6Dx76",
        
"xE3x8ExB8"    => "x6Bx76",
        
"xE3x8ExB9"    => "x6Dx76",
        
"xE3x8ExBA"    => "x70x77",
        
"xE3x8ExBB"    => "x6Ex77",
        
"xE3x8ExBC"    => "xCExBCx77",
        
"xE3x8ExBD"    => "x6Dx77",
        
"xE3x8ExBE"    => "x6Bx77",
        
"xE3x8ExBF"    => "x6Dx77",
        
"xE3x8Fx80"    => "x6BxCFx89",
        
"xE3x8Fx81"    => "x6DxCFx89",
        
"xE3x8Fx83"    => "x62x71",
        
"xE3x8Fx86"    => "x63xE2x88x95x6Bx67",
        
"xE3x8Fx87"    => "x63x6Fx2E",
        
"xE3x8Fx88"    => "x64x62",
        
"xE3x8Fx89"    => "x67x79",
        
"xE3x8Fx8B"    => "x68x70",
        
"xE3x8Fx8D"    => "x6Bx6B",
        
"xE3x8Fx8E"    => "x6Bx6D",
        
"xE3x8Fx97"    => "x70x68",
        
"xE3x8Fx99"    => "x70x70x6D",
        
"xE3x8Fx9A"    => "x70x72",
        
"xE3x8Fx9C"    => "x73x76",
        
"xE3x8Fx9D"    => "x77x62",
        
"xE3x8Fx9E"    => "x76xE2x88x95x6D",
        
"xE3x8Fx9F"    => "x61xE2x88x95x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x80"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x81"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x82"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x83"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x84"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x85"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x86"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x87"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x88"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x89"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x8A"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x8B"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x8C"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x8D"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x8E"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x8F"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x90"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x91"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x92"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x93"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x94"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x95"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x96"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x97"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x98"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx90x99"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xB4"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xB5"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xB6"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xB7"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xB8"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xB9"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xBA"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xBB"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xBC"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xBD"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xBE"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx90xBF"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x80"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x81"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x82"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x83"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x84"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x85"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x86"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x87"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x88"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x89"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x8A"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x8B"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x8C"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx91x8D"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xA8"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xA9"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xAA"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xAB"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xAC"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xAD"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xAE"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xAF"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB0"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB1"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB2"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB3"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB4"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB5"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB6"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB7"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB8"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xB9"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xBA"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xBB"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xBC"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xBD"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xBE"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx91xBF"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx92x80"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx92x81"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx92x9C"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx92x9E"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx92x9F"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xA2"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xA5"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xA6"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xA9"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xAA"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xAB"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xAC"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xAE"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xAF"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xB0"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xB1"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xB2"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xB3"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xB4"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx92xB5"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x90"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x91"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x92"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x93"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x94"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x95"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x96"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x97"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x98"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x99"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x9A"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x9B"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x9C"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x9D"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x9E"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx93x9F"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA0"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA1"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA2"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA3"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA4"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA5"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA6"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA7"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA8"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx93xA9"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x84"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x85"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x87"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x88"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x89"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x8A"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x8D"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x8E"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x8F"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x90"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x91"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x92"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x93"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x94"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x96"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x97"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x98"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x99"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x9A"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x9B"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx94x9C"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx94xB8"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx94xB9"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx94xBB"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx94xBC"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx94xBD"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx94xBE"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x80"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x81"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x82"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x83"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x84"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x86"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x8A"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x8B"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x8C"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x8D"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x8E"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x8F"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx95x90"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xAC"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xAD"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xAE"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xAF"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB0"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB1"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB2"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB3"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB4"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB5"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB6"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB7"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB8"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xB9"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xBA"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xBB"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xBC"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xBD"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xBE"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx95xBF"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx96x80"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx96x81"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx96x82"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx96x83"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx96x84"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx96x85"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA0"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA1"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA2"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA3"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA4"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA5"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA6"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA7"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA8"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xA9"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xAA"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xAB"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xAC"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xAD"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xAE"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xAF"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB0"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB1"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB2"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB3"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB4"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB5"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB6"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB7"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB8"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx96xB9"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x94"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x95"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x96"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x97"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x98"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x99"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x9A"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x9B"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x9C"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x9D"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x9E"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx97x9F"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA0"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA1"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA2"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA3"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA4"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA5"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA6"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA7"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA8"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xA9"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xAA"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xAB"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xAC"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx97xAD"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x88"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x89"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x8A"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x8B"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x8C"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x8D"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x8E"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x8F"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x90"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x91"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x92"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x93"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x94"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x95"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x96"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x97"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x98"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x99"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x9A"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x9B"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x9C"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x9D"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x9E"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx98x9F"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx98xA0"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx98xA1"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx98xBC"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx98xBD"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx98xBE"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx98xBF"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x80"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x81"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x82"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x83"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x84"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x85"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x86"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x87"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x88"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x89"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x8A"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x8B"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x8C"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x8D"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x8E"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x8F"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x90"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x91"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x92"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x93"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x94"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx99x95"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB0"    => "x61",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB1"    => "x62",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB2"    => "x63",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB3"    => "x64",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB4"    => "x65",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB5"    => "x66",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB6"    => "x67",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB7"    => "x68",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB8"    => "x69",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xB9"    => "x6A",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xBA"    => "x6B",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xBB"    => "x6C",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xBC"    => "x6D",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xBD"    => "x6E",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xBE"    => "x6F",
        
"xF0x9Dx99xBF"    => "x70",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax80"    => "x71",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax81"    => "x72",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax82"    => "x73",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax83"    => "x74",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax84"    => "x75",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax85"    => "x76",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax86"    => "x77",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax87"    => "x78",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax88"    => "x79",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ax89"    => "x7A",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxA8"    => "xCExB1",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxA9"    => "xCExB2",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxAA"    => "xCExB3",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxAB"    => "xCExB4",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxAC"    => "xCExB5",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxAD"    => "xCExB6",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxAE"    => "xCExB7",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxAF"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB0"    => "xCExB9",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB1"    => "xCExBA",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB2"    => "xCExBB",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB3"    => "xCExBC",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB4"    => "xCExBD",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB5"    => "xCExBE",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB6"    => "xCExBF",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB7"    => "xCFx80",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB8"    => "xCFx81",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxB9"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxBA"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxBB"    => "xCFx84",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxBC"    => "xCFx85",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxBD"    => "xCFx86",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxBE"    => "xCFx87",
        
"xF0x9Dx9AxBF"    => "xCFx88",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Bx80"    => "xCFx89",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Bx93"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA2"    => "xCExB1",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA3"    => "xCExB2",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA4"    => "xCExB3",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA5"    => "xCExB4",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA6"    => "xCExB5",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA7"    => "xCExB6",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA8"    => "xCExB7",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxA9"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxAA"    => "xCExB9",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxAB"    => "xCExBA",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxAC"    => "xCExBB",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxAD"    => "xCExBC",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxAE"    => "xCExBD",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxAF"    => "xCExBE",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB0"    => "xCExBF",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB1"    => "xCFx80",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB2"    => "xCFx81",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB3"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB4"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB5"    => "xCFx84",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB6"    => "xCFx85",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB7"    => "xCFx86",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB8"    => "xCFx87",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxB9"    => "xCFx88",
        
"xF0x9Dx9BxBA"    => "xCFx89",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Cx8D"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Cx9C"    => "xCExB1",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Cx9D"    => "xCExB2",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Cx9E"    => "xCExB3",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Cx9F"    => "xCExB4",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA0"    => "xCExB5",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA1"    => "xCExB6",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA2"    => "xCExB7",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA3"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA4"    => "xCExB9",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA5"    => "xCExBA",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA6"    => "xCExBB",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA7"    => "xCExBC",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA8"    => "xCExBD",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxA9"    => "xCExBE",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxAA"    => "xCExBF",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxAB"    => "xCFx80",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxAC"    => "xCFx81",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxAD"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxAE"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxAF"    => "xCFx84",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxB0"    => "xCFx85",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxB1"    => "xCFx86",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxB2"    => "xCFx87",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxB3"    => "xCFx88",
        
"xF0x9Dx9CxB4"    => "xCFx89",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx87"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx96"    => "xCExB1",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx97"    => "xCExB2",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx98"    => "xCExB3",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx99"    => "xCExB4",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx9A"    => "xCExB5",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx9B"    => "xCExB6",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx9C"    => "xCExB7",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx9D"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx9E"    => "xCExB9",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Dx9F"    => "xCExBA",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA0"    => "xCExBB",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA1"    => "xCExBC",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA2"    => "xCExBD",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA3"    => "xCExBE",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA4"    => "xCExBF",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA5"    => "xCFx80",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA6"    => "xCFx81",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA7"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA8"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxA9"    => "xCFx84",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxAA"    => "xCFx85",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxAB"    => "xCFx86",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxAC"    => "xCFx87",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxAD"    => "xCFx88",
        
"xF0x9Dx9DxAE"    => "xCFx89",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex81"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex90"    => "xCExB1",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex91"    => "xCExB2",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex92"    => "xCExB3",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex93"    => "xCExB4",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex94"    => "xCExB5",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex95"    => "xCExB6",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex96"    => "xCExB7",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex97"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex98"    => "xCExB9",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex99"    => "xCExBA",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex9A"    => "xCExBB",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex9B"    => "xCExBC",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex9C"    => "xCExBD",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex9D"    => "xCExBE",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex9E"    => "xCExBF",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Ex9F"    => "xCFx80",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA0"    => "xCFx81",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA1"    => "xCExB8",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA2"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA3"    => "xCFx84",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA4"    => "xCFx85",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA5"    => "xCFx86",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA6"    => "xCFx87",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA7"    => "xCFx88",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExA8"    => "xCFx89",
        
"xF0x9Dx9ExBB"    => "xCFx83",
        
"xF0x9Dx9Fx8A"    => "xCFx9D",
    );
    global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;

    
// do the case fold
    
$text utf8_case_fold($text$option);

    if (!
class_exists('utf_normalizer'))
    {
        global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;
        include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/utf_normalizer.' $phpEx);
    }

    
// convert to NFKC
    
utf_normalizer::nfkc($text);

    
// FC_NFKC_Closure, http://www.unicode.org/Public/5.0.0/ucd/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
    
$text strtr($text$fc_nfkc_closure);

    return 
$text;
}

/**
* Assume the input is NFC:
* Takes the input and does a "special" case fold. It does minor normalization as well.
*
* @param    string    $text    text to be case folded
* @param    string    $option    determines how we will fold the cases
* @return    string            case folded text
*/
function utf8_case_fold_nfc($text$option 'full')
{
    static 
$uniarray = array();
    static 
$ypogegrammeni = array(
        
"xCDxBA"        => "x20xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx80"    => "xE1xBCx80xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx81"    => "xE1xBCx81xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx82"    => "xE1xBCx82xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx83"    => "xE1xBCx83xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx84"    => "xE1xBCx84xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx85"    => "xE1xBCx85xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx86"    => "xE1xBCx86xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx87"    => "xE1xBCx87xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx88"    => "xE1xBCx88xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx89"    => "xE1xBCx89xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx8A"    => "xE1xBCx8AxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx8B"    => "xE1xBCx8BxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx8C"    => "xE1xBCx8CxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx8D"    => "xE1xBCx8DxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx8E"    => "xE1xBCx8ExCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx8F"    => "xE1xBCx8FxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx90"    => "xE1xBCxA0xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx91"    => "xE1xBCxA1xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx92"    => "xE1xBCxA2xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx93"    => "xE1xBCxA3xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx94"    => "xE1xBCxA4xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx95"    => "xE1xBCxA5xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx96"    => "xE1xBCxA6xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx97"    => "xE1xBCxA7xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx98"    => "xE1xBCxA8xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx99"    => "xE1xBCxA9xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx9A"    => "xE1xBCxAAxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx9B"    => "xE1xBCxABxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx9C"    => "xE1xBCxACxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx9D"    => "xE1xBCxADxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx9E"    => "xE1xBCxAExCDx85",
        
"xE1xBEx9F"    => "xE1xBCxAFxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA0"    => "xE1xBDxA0xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA1"    => "xE1xBDxA1xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA2"    => "xE1xBDxA2xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA3"    => "xE1xBDxA3xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA4"    => "xE1xBDxA4xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA5"    => "xE1xBDxA5xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA6"    => "xE1xBDxA6xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA7"    => "xE1xBDxA7xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA8"    => "xE1xBDxA8xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExA9"    => "xE1xBDxA9xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExAA"    => "xE1xBDxAAxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExAB"    => "xE1xBDxABxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExAC"    => "xE1xBDxACxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExAD"    => "xE1xBDxADxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExAE"    => "xE1xBDxAExCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExAF"    => "xE1xBDxAFxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExB2"    => "xE1xBDxB0xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExB3"    => "xCExB1xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExB4"    => "xCExACxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExB7"    => "xE1xBExB6xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBExBC"    => "xCEx91xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFx82"    => "xE1xBDxB4xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFx83"    => "xCExB7xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFx84"    => "xCExAExCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFx87"    => "xE1xBFx86xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFx8C"    => "xCEx97xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFxB2"    => "xE1xBDxBCxCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFxB3"    => "xCFx89xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFxB4"    => "xCFx8ExCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFxB7"    => "xE1xBFxB6xCDx85",
        
"xE1xBFxBC"    => "xCExA9xCDx85",
    );
    global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;

    
// perform a small trick, avoid further normalization on composed points that contain U+0345 in their decomposition
    
$text strtr($text$ypogegrammeni);

    
// do the case fold
    
$text utf8_case_fold($text$option);

    return 
$text;
}

/**
* A wrapper function for the normalizer which takes care of including the class if required and modifies the passed strings
* to be in NFC (Normalization Form Composition).
*
* @param    mixed    $strings    a string or an array of strings to normalize
* @return    mixed                the normalized content, preserving array keys if array given.
*/
function utf8_normalize_nfc($strings)
{
    if (empty(
$strings))
    {
        return 
$strings;
    }

    if (!
class_exists('utf_normalizer'))
    {
        global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;
        include(
$phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/utf_normalizer.' $phpEx);
    }

    if (!
is_array($strings))
    {
        
utf_normalizer::nfc($strings);
    }
    else if (
is_array($strings))
    {
        foreach (
$strings as $key => $string)
        {
            if (
is_array($string))
            {
                foreach (
$string as $_key => $_string)
                {
                    
utf_normalizer::nfc($strings[$key][$_key]);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                
utf_normalizer::nfc($strings[$key]);
            }
        }
    }

    return 
$strings;
}

/**
* This function is used to generate a "clean" version of a string.
* Clean means that it is a case insensitive form (case folding) and that it is normalized (NFC).
* Additionally a homographs of one character are transformed into one specific character (preferably ASCII
* if it is an ASCII character).
*
* Please be aware that if you change something within this function or within
* functions used here you need to rebuild/update the username_clean column in the users table. And all other
* columns that store a clean string otherwise you will break this functionality.
*
* @param    string    $text    An unclean string, mabye user input (has to be valid UTF-8!)
* @return    string            Cleaned up version of the input string
*/
function utf8_clean_string($text)
{
    global 
$phpbb_root_path$phpEx;

    static 
$homographs = array();
    if (empty(
$homographs))
    {
        
$homographs = include($phpbb_root_path 'includes/utf/data/confusables.' $phpEx);
    }

    
$text utf8_case_fold_nfkc($text);
    
$text strtr($text$homographs);
    
// Other control characters
    
$text preg_replace('#(?:[x00-x1Fx7F]+|(?:xC2[x80-x9F])+)#'''$text);

    
// we need to reduce multiple spaces to a single one
    
$text preg_replace('# {2,}#'' '$text);

    
// we can use trim here as all the other space characters should have been turned
    // into normal ASCII spaces by now
    
return trim($text);
}

/**
* A wrapper for htmlspecialchars($value, ENT_COMPAT, 'UTF-8')
*/
function utf8_htmlspecialchars($value)
{
    return 
htmlspecialchars($valueENT_COMPAT'UTF-8');
}

/**
* Trying to convert returned system message to utf8
*
* PHP assumes such messages are ISO-8859-1 so we'll do that too
* and if it breaks messages we'll blame it on them ;-)
*/
function utf8_convert_message($message)
{
    
// First of all check if conversion is neded at all, as there is no point
    // in converting ASCII messages from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8
    
if (!preg_match('/[x80-xFF]/'$message))
    {
        return 
utf8_htmlspecialchars($message);
    }

    
// else we need to convert some part of the message
    
return utf8_htmlspecialchars(utf8_recode($message'ISO-8859-1'));
}

/**
* UTF8-compatible wordwrap replacement
*
* @param    string    $string    The input string
* @param    int        $width    The column width. Defaults to 75.
* @param    string    $break    The line is broken using the optional break parameter. Defaults to 'n'.
* @param    bool    $cut    If the cut is set to TRUE, the string is always wrapped at the specified width. So if you have a word that is larger than the given width, it is broken apart.
*
* @return    string            the given string wrapped at the specified column.
*
*/
function utf8_wordwrap($string$width 75$break "n"$cut false)
{
    
// We first need to explode on $break, not destroying existing (intended) breaks
    
$lines explode($break$string);
    
$new_lines = array(=> '');
    
$index 0;

    foreach (
$lines as $line)
    {
        
$words explode(' '$line);

        for (
$i 0$size sizeof($words); $i $size$i++)
        {
            
$word $words[$i];

            
// If cut is true we need to cut the word if it is > width chars
            
if ($cut && utf8_strlen($word) > $width)
            {
                
$words[$i] = utf8_substr($word$width);
                
$word utf8_substr($word0$width);
                
$i--;
            }

            if (
utf8_strlen($new_lines[$index] . $word) > $width)
            {
                
$new_lines[$index] = substr($new_lines[$index], 0, -1);
                
$index++;
                
$new_lines[$index] = '';
            }

            
$new_lines[$index] .= $word ' ';
        }

        
$new_lines[$index] = substr($new_lines[$index], 0, -1);
        
$index++;
        
$new_lines[$index] = '';
    }

    unset(
$new_lines[$index]);
    return 
implode($break$new_lines);
}

/**
* UTF8-safe basename() function
*
* basename() has some limitations and is dependent on the locale setting
* according to the PHP manual. Therefore we provide our own locale independant
* basename function.
*
* @param string $filename The filename basename() should be applied to
* @return string The basenamed filename
*/
function utf8_basename($filename)
{
    
// We always check for forward slash AND backward slash
    // because they could be mixed or "sneaked" in. ;)
    // You know, never trust user input...
    
if (strpos($filename'/') !== false)
    {
        
$filename utf8_substr($filenameutf8_strrpos($filename'/') + 1);
    }

    if (
strpos($filename'\') !== false)
    {
        $filename = utf8_substr($filename, utf8_strrpos($filename, '
\') + 1);
    }

    return $filename;
}

/**
* UTF8-safe str_replace() function
*
* @param string $search The value to search for
* @param string $replace The replacement string
* @param string $subject The target string
* @return string The resultant string
*/
function utf8_str_replace($search, $replace, $subject)
{
    if (!is_array($search))
    {
        $search = array($search);
        if (is_array($replace))
        {
            $replace = (string) $replace;
            trigger_error('
Array to string conversion', E_USER_NOTICE);
        }
    }

    $length = sizeof($search);

    if (!is_array($replace))
    {
        $replace = array_fill(0, $length, $replace);
    }
    else
    {
        $replace = array_pad($replace, $length, '');
    }

    for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++)
    {
        $search_length = utf8_strlen($search[$i]);
        $replace_length = utf8_strlen($replace[$i]);

        $offset = 0;
        while (($start = utf8_strpos($subject, $search[$i], $offset)) !== false)
        {
            $subject = utf8_substr($subject, 0, $start) . $replace[$i] . utf8_substr($subject, $start + $search_length);
            $offset = $start + $replace_length;
        }
    }

    return $subject;
}

?>
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