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  <
div class="section" id="unit-testing-class">
<
h1>Unit Testing Class<class="headerlink" href="#unit-testing-class" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<
p>Unit testing is an approach to software development in which tests are
written 
for each function in your application. If you are not familiar
with the concept you might 
do a little googling on the subject.</p>
<
p>CodeIgniter&#8217;s Unit Test class is quite simple, consisting of an
evaluation function and two result functionsIt&#8217;s not intended to be a
full-blown test suite but rather a simple mechanism to evaluate your
code to determine 
if it is producing the correct data type and result.</p>
<
div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<
ul class="simple">
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#using-the-unit-testing-library" id="id1">Using the Unit Testing Library</a><ul>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#initializing-the-class" id="id2">Initializing the Class</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#running-tests" id="id3">Running Tests</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#generating-reports" id="id4">Generating Reports</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#strict-mode" id="id5">Strict Mode</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#enabling-disabling-unit-testing" id="id6">Enabling/Disabling Unit Testing</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#unit-test-display" id="id7">Unit Test Display</a><ul>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#customizing-displayed-tests" id="id8">Customizing displayed tests</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-template" id="id9">Creating a Template</a></li>
</
ul>
</
li>
</
ul>
</
li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#class-reference" id="id10">Class Reference</a></li>
</
ul>
</
div>
<
div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="using-the-unit-testing-library">
<
h2><class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Using the Unit Testing Library</a><class="headerlink" href="#using-the-unit-testing-library" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<
div class="section" id="initializing-the-class">
<
h3><class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Initializing the Class</a><class="headerlink" href="#initializing-the-class" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<
p>Like most other classes in CodeIgniterthe Unit Test class is
initialized in your controller using the $this
-&gt;load-&gt;library function:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;unit_test&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>Once loadedthe Unit Test object will be available using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this-&gt;unit</span></tt></p>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="running-tests">
<
h3><class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Running Tests</a><class="headerlink" href="#running-tests" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<
p>Running a test involves supplying a test and an expected result in the
following way
:</p>
<
blockquote>
<
div>$this-&gt;unit-&gt;run(&#8216;test&#8217;, &#8216;expected result&#8217;, &#8216;test name&#8217;, &#8216;notes&#8217;);</div></blockquote>
<p>Where test is the result of the code you wish to testexpected result
is the data type you expect
test name is an optional name you can give
your test
, and notes are optional notesExample:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$test</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>

<
span class="nv">$expected_result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>

<
span class="nv">$test_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Adds one plus one&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$test</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expected_result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$test_name</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>The expected result you supply can either be a literal match, or a data
type match
Here&#8217;s an example of a literal:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Foo&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>Here is an example of a data type match:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;is_string&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>Notice the use of &#8220;is_string&#8221; in the second parameter? This tells the
function to evaluate whether your test is producing a string as the
result
Here is a list of allowed comparison types:</p>
<
ul class="simple">
<
li>is_object</li>
<
li>is_string</li>
<
li>is_bool</li>
<
li>is_true</li>
<
li>is_false</li>
<
li>is_int</li>
<
li>is_numeric</li>
<
li>is_float</li>
<
li>is_double</li>
<
li>is_array</li>
<
li>is_null</li>
<
li>is_resource</li>
</
ul>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="generating-reports">
<
h3><class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Generating Reports</a><class="headerlink" href="#generating-reports" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<
p>You can either display results after each test, or your can run several
tests 
and generate a report at the endTo show a report directly simply
echo or return the run function:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$test</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expected_result</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>To run a full report of all tests, use this:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">report</span><span class="p">();</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>The report will be formatted in an HTML table for viewing. If you prefer
the raw data you can retrieve an 
array using:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">result</span><span class="p">();</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="strict-mode">
<
h3><class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Strict Mode</a><class="headerlink" href="#strict-mode" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<
p>By default the unit test class evaluates literal matches loosely.
Consider this example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>The test is evaluating an integerbut the expected result is a boolean.
PHPhoweverdue to it&#8217;s loose data-typing will evaluate the above code
as TRUE using a normal equality test:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">&#39;This evaluates as true&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>If you preferyou can put the unit test class in to strict modewhich
will compare the data type 
as well as the value:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">&#39;This evaluates as FALSE&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>To enable strict mode use this:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">use_strict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="enabling-disabling-unit-testing">
<
h3><class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Enabling/Disabling Unit Testing</a><class="headerlink" href="#enabling-disabling-unit-testing" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<
p>If you would like to leave some testing in place in your scriptsbut
not have it run unless you need it
you can disable unit testing using:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">active</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="unit-test-display">
<
h3><class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Unit Test Display</a><class="headerlink" href="#unit-test-display" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<
p>When your unit test results displaythe following items show by
default:</p>
<
ul class="simple">
<
li>Test Name (test_name)</li>
<
li>Test Datatype (test_datatype)</li>
<
li>Expected Datatype (res_datatype)</li>
<
li>Result (result)</li>
<
li>File Name (file)</li>
<
li>Line Number (line)</li>
<
li>Any notes you entered for the test (notes)</li>
</
ul>
<
p>You can customize which of these items get displayed by using
$this
-&gt;unit-&gt;set_test_items(). For example, if you only wanted the test name
and the result displayed:</p>
<
div class="section" id="customizing-displayed-tests">
<
h4><class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Customizing displayed tests</a><class="headerlink" href="#customizing-displayed-tests" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_test_items</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;test_name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;result&#39;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="creating-a-template">
<
h4><class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Creating a Template</a><class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-template" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<
p>If you would like your test results formatted differently then the
default you can set your own templateHere is an example of a simple
template
Note the required pseudo-variables:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$str</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;</span>
<span class="s1">&lt;table border=&quot;0&quotcellpadding=&quot;4&quotcellspacing=&quot;1&quot;&gt;</span>
<
span class="s1">{rows}</span>
<
span class="s1">        &lt;tr&gt;</span>
<
span class="s1">                &lt;td&gt;{item}&lt;/td&gt;</span>
<
span class="s1">                &lt;td&gt;{result}&lt;/td&gt;</span>
<
span class="s1">        &lt;/tr&gt;</span>
<
span class="s1">{/rows}</span>
<
span class="s1">&lt;/table&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_template</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$str</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
div class="admonition note">
<
class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<
class="last">Your template must be declared <strong>before</strongrunning the unit
test process
.</p>
</
div>
</
div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="class-reference">
<
h2><class="toc-backref" href="#id10">Class Reference</a><class="headerlink" href="#class-reference" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<
dl class="class">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test">
<
em class="property">class </em><tt class="descname">CI_Unit_test</tt><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::set_test_items">
<
tt class="descname">set_test_items</tt><big>(</big><em>$items</em><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::set_test_items" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$items</strong> (<em>array</em>) &#8211; List of visible test items</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">void</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Sets a list of items that should be visible in tests.
Valid options are:</p>
<
blockquote>
<
div><ul class="simple">
<
li>test_name</li>
<
li>test_datatype</li>
<
li>res_datatype</li>
<
li>result</li>
<
li>file</li>
<
li>line</li>
<
li>notes</li>
</
ul>
</
div></blockquote>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::run">
<
tt class="descname">run</tt><big>(</big><em>$test</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$expected TRUE</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$test_name 'undefined'</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$notes ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::run" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$test</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) &#8211; Test data</li>
<li><strong>$expected</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) &#8211; Expected result</li>
<li><strong>$test_name</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Test name</li>
<li><strong>$notes</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Any notes to be attached to the test</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Test report</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Runs unit tests.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::report">
<
tt class="descname">report</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$result = array()</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::report" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$result</strong> (<em>array</em>) &#8211; Array containing tests results</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Test report</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Generates a report about already complete tests.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::use_strict">
<
tt class="descname">use_strict</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$state TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::use_strict" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$state</strong> (<em>bool</em>) &#8211; Strict state flag</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">void</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Enables/disables strict type comparison in tests.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::active">
<
tt class="descname">active</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$state TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::active" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$state</strong> (<em>bool</em>) &#8211; Whether to enable testing</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">void</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Enables/disables unit testing.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::result">
<
tt class="descname">result</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$results = array()</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::result" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$results</strong> (<em>array</em>) &#8211; Tests results list</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Array of raw result data</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">array</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Returns raw tests results data.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="method">
<
dt id="CI_Unit_test::set_template">
<
tt class="descname">set_template</tt><big>(</big><em>$template</em><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::set_template" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$template</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Test result template</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">void</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Sets the template for displaying tests results.</p>
</
dd></dl>

</
dd></dl>

</
div>
</
div>


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