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<
h1>Date Helper<class="headerlink" href="#date-helper" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<
p>The Date Helper file contains functions that help you work with dates.</p>
<
div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<
ul class="simple">
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#loading-this-helper" id="id1">Loading this Helper</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#available-functions" id="id2">Available Functions</a></li>
<
li><class="reference internal" href="#timezone-reference" id="id3">Timezone Reference</a></li>
</
ul>
</
div>
<
div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="loading-this-helper">
<
h2><class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Loading this Helper</a><class="headerlink" href="#loading-this-helper" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<
p>This helper is loaded using the following code:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;date&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
div class="section" id="available-functions">
<
h2><class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Available Functions</a><class="headerlink" href="#available-functions" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<
p>The following functions are available:</p>
<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="now">
<
tt class="descname">now</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$timezone NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#now" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$timezone</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Timezone</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">UNIX timestamp</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Returns the current time as a UNIX timestampreferenced either to your server&#8217;s
local time or any PHP suported timezonebased on the &#8220;time reference&#8221; setting
in your config file. If you do not intend to set your master time reference to
any other PHP supported timezone 
(which you&#8217;ll typically do if you run a site
that lets each user set their own timezone settingsthere is no benefit to using
this 
function over PHP&#8217;s <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">time()</span></tt> function.</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">now</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Australia/Victoria&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>If a timezone is not providedit will return <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">time()</span></ttbased on the
<strong>time_reference</strongsetting.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="mdate">
<
tt class="descname">mdate</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$datestr ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$time ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#mdate" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$datestr</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Date string</li>
<li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">MySQL-formatted date</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>This function is identical to PHP&#8217;s <a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/manual/en/function.date.php">date()</a>
function, except that it lets you use MySQL style date codeswhere each
code letter is preceded with a percent sign
e.g. <cite>%%%d</cite></p>
<
p>The benefit of doing dates this way is that you don&#8217;t have to worry
about escaping any characters that are not date codes, as you would
normally have to 
do with the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">date()</span></tt> function.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$datestring</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Year: %Y Month: %m Day: %d - %h:%i %a&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$time</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">();</span>
<
span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">mdate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$datestring</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$time</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>If a timestamp is not included in the second parameter the current time
will be used
.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="standard_date">
<
tt class="descname">standard_date</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$fmt 'DATE_RFC822'</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$time NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#standard_date" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$fmt</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Date format</li>
<li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Formatted date or FALSE on invalid format</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Lets you generate a date string in one of several standardized formats.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$format</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;DATE_RFC822&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$time</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">();</span>
<
span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">standard_date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$format</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$time</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
div class="admonition note">
<
class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<
p>This function is DEPRECATED. Use the native <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">date()</span></ttcombined with
<class="reference external" href="http://php.net/manual/en/class.datetime.php#datetime.constants.types">DateTime&#8217;s format constants</a>
instead:</p>
<
div class="last highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nb">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">DATE_RFC822</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">());</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
div>
<
p><strong>Supported formats:</strong></p>
<
table border="1" class="docutils">
<
colgroup>
<
col width="20%" />
<
col width="30%" />
<
col width="50%" />
</
colgroup>
<
thead valign="bottom">
<
tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Constant</th>
<
th class="head">Description</th>
<
th class="head">Example</th>
</
tr>
</
thead>
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="row-even"><td>DATE_ATOM</td>
<
td>Atom</td>
<
td>2005-08-15T16:13:03+0000</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>DATE_COOKIE</td>
<
td>HTTP Cookies</td>
<
td>Sun14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>DATE_ISO8601</td>
<
td>ISO-8601</td>
<
td>2005-08-14T16:13:03+00:00</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>DATE_RFC822</td>
<
td>RFC 822</td>
<
td>Sun14 Aug 05 16:13:03 UTC</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>DATE_RFC850</td>
<
td>RFC 850</td>
<
td>Sunday14-Aug-05 16:13:03 UTC</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>DATE_RFC1036</td>
<
td>RFC 1036</td>
<
td>Sunday14-Aug-05 16:13:03 UTC</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>DATE_RFC1123</td>
<
td>RFC 1123</td>
<
td>Sun14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>DATE_RFC2822</td>
<
td>RFC 2822</td>
<
td>Sun14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 +0000</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>DATE_RSS</td>
<
td>RSS</td>
<
td>Sun14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>DATE_W3C</td>
<
td>W3C</td>
<
td>2005-08-14T16:13:03+0000</td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="local_to_gmt">
<
tt class="descname">local_to_gmt</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$time ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#local_to_gmt" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">UNIX timestamp</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Takes a UNIX timestamp as input and returns it as GMT.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$gmt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">local_to_gmt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">());</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="gmt_to_local">
<
tt class="descname">gmt_to_local</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$time ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$timezone 'UTC'</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$dst FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#gmt_to_local" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp</li>
<li><strong>$timezone</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Timezone</li>
<li><strong>$dst</strong> (<em>bool</em>) &#8211; Whether DST is active</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">UNIX timestamp</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Takes a UNIX timestamp (referenced to GMT) as input, and converts it to
a localized timestamp based on the timezone 
and Daylight Saving Time
submitted
.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$timestamp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1140153693</span><span class="p">;</span>
<
span class="nv">$timezone</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;UM8&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$daylight_saving</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
<
span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">gmt_to_local</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$timestamp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$timezone</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$daylight_saving</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
div class="admonition note">
<
class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<
class="last">For list of timezones see the reference at the bottom of this page.</p>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="mysql_to_unix">
<
tt class="descname">mysql_to_unix</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$time ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#mysql_to_unix" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; MySQL timestamp</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">UNIX timestamp</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Takes a MySQL Timestamp as input and returns it as a UNIX timestamp.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$unix</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">mysql_to_unix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;20061124092345&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="unix_to_human">
<
tt class="descname">unix_to_human</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$time ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$seconds FALSE</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$fmt 'us'</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#unix_to_human" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp</li>
<li><strong>$seconds</strong> (<em>bool</em>) &#8211; Whether to show seconds</li>
<li><strong>$fmt</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; format (us or euro)</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Formatted date</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Takes a UNIX timestamp as input and returns it in a human readable
format with this prototype
:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nx">YYYY</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">MM</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">DD</span> <span class="nx">HH</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nx">MM</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nx">SS</span> <span class="nx">AM</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">PM</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>This can be useful if you need to display a date in a form field for
submission.</p>
<
p>The time can be formatted with or without seconds, and it can be set to
European 
or US format. If only the timestamp is submitted it will return
the time without seconds formatted for the U.S.</p>
<
p>Examples:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$now</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">();</span>
<
span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">unix_to_human</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$now</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// U.S. time, no seconds</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">unix_to_human</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$now</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;us&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// U.S. time with seconds</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">unix_to_human</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$now</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;eu&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// Euro time with seconds</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="human_to_unix">
<
tt class="descname">human_to_unix</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$datestr ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#human_to_unix" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$datestr</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; Date string</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">UNIX timestamp or FALSE on failure</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>The opposite of the <tt class="xref php php-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">unix_to_time()</span></tt> function. Takes a &#8220;human&#8221;
time as input and returns it as a UNIX timestampThis is useful if you
accept 
&#8220;human&#8221; formatted dates submitted via a form. Returns boolean FALSE
date string passed to it is not formatted as indicated above.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$now</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">();</span>
<
span class="nv">$human</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">unix_to_human</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$now</span><span class="p">);</span>
<
span class="nv">$unix</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">human_to_unix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$human</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="nice_date">
<
tt class="descname">nice_date</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$bad_date ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$format FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#nice_date" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$bad_date</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; The terribly formatted date-like string</li>
<li><strong>$format</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Date format to return (same as PHP&#8217;s <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">date()</span></tt> function)</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Formatted date</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>This function can take a number poorly-formed date formats and convert
them into something useful
It also accepts well-formed dates.</p>
<
p>The function will return a UNIX timestamp by default. You canoptionally,
pass a format string (the same type as the PHP <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">date()</span></tt> function accepts)
as 
the second parameter.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$bad_date</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;199605&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Should Produce: 1996-05-01</span>
<span class="nv">$better_date</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">nice_date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$bad_date</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Y-m-d&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>

<span class="nv">$bad_date</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;9-11-2001&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Should Produce: 2001-09-11</span>
<span class="nv">$better_date</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">nice_date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$bad_date</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Y-m-d&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="timespan">
<
tt class="descname">timespan</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$seconds 1</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$time ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$units ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#timespan" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$seconds</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; Number of seconds</li>
<li><strong>$time</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp</li>
<li><strong>$units</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; Number of time units to display</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Formatted time difference</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Formats a UNIX timestamp so that is appears similar to this:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="nx">Year</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="nx">Months</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="nx">Weeks</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="nx">Days</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="nx">Hours</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">16</span> <span class="nx">Minutes</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>The first parameter must contain a UNIX timestamp.
The second parameter must contain a timestamp that is greater that the
first timestamp
.
The thirdparameter is optional and limits the number of time units to display.</p>
<
p>If the second parameter empty, the current time will be used.</p>
<
p>The most common purpose for this function is to show how much time has
elapsed from some point in time in the past to now
.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$post_date</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;1079621429&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$now</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">();</span>
<
span class="nv">$units</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<
span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">timespan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$post_date</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$now</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$units</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
div class="admonition note">
<
class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<
class="last">The text generated by this function is found in the following language
file
: <cite>language/&lt;your_lang&gt;/date_lang.php</cite></p>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="days_in_month">
<
tt class="descname">days_in_month</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$month 0</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$year ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#days_in_month" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$month</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; a numeric month</li>
<li><strong>$year</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; a numeric year</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Count of days in the specified month</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Returns the number of days in a given month/yearTakes leap years into
account
.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">days_in_month</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mo">06</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2005</span><span class="p">);</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>If the second parameter is empty, the current year will be used.</p>
<
div class="admonition note">
<
class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<
class="last">This function will alias the native <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cal_days_in_month()</span></tt>, if
it is available.</p>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="date_range">
<
tt class="descname">date_range</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$unix_start ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$mixed ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$is_unix TRUE</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$format 'Y-m-d'</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#date_range" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$unix_start</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp of the range start date</li>
<li><strong>$mixed</strong> (<em>int</em>) &#8211; UNIX timestamp of the range end date or interval in days</li>
<li><strong>$is_unix</strong> (<em>bool</em>) &#8211; set to FALSE if $mixed is not a timestamp</li>
<li><strong>$format</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Output date format, same as in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">date()</span></tt></li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">An array of dates</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">array</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Returns a list of dates within a specified period.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$range</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">date_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;2012-01-01&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;2012-01-15&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;First 15 days of 2012:&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<
span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$range</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$date</span><span class="p">)</span>
<
span class="p">{</span>
        <
span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$date</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="se">n</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<
span class="p">}</span>
</
pre></div>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="timezones">
<
tt class="descname">timezones</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$tz ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#timezones" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$tz</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; A numeric timezone</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">Hour difference from UTC</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">int</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Takes a timezone reference (for list of valid timezonessee the
&#8220;Timezone Reference&#8221; below) and returns the number of hours offset from
UTC.</p>
<
p>Example:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">timezones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;UM5&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>This function is useful when used with <class="reference internal" href="#timezone_menu" title="timezone_menu"><tt class="xref php php-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">timezone_menu()</span></tt></a>.</p>
</
dd></dl>

<
dl class="function">
<
dt id="timezone_menu">
<
tt class="descname">timezone_menu</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$default 'UTC'</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$class ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$name 'timezones'</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$attributes ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><class="headerlink" href="#timezone_menu" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<
dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<
col class="field-name" />
<
col class="field-body" />
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<
li><strong>$default</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Timezone</li>
<li><strong>$class</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Class name</li>
<li><strong>$name</strong> (<em>string</em>) &#8211; Menu name</li>
<li><strong>$attributes</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) &#8211; HTML attributes</li>
</ul>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first">HTML drop down menu with time zones</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><class="first last">string</p>
</
td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
<
p>Generates a pull-down menu of timezoneslike this one:</p>
<
form action="#">
        <
select name="timezones">
                <
option value='UM12'>(UTC -12:00Baker/Howland Island</option>
                <
option value='UM11'>(UTC -11:00Samoa Time ZoneNiue</option>
                <
option value='UM10'>(UTC -10:00Hawaii-Aleutian Standard TimeCook IslandsTahiti</option>
                <
option value='UM95'>(UTC -9:30Marquesas Islands</option>
                <
option value='UM9'>(UTC -9:00Alaska Standard TimeGambier Islands</option>
                <
option value='UM8'>(UTC -8:00Pacific Standard TimeClipperton Island</option>
                <
option value='UM7'>(UTC -7:00Mountain Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UM6'>(UTC -6:00Central Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UM5'>(UTC -5:00Eastern Standard TimeWestern Caribbean Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UM45'>(UTC -4:30Venezuelan Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UM4'>(UTC -4:00Atlantic Standard TimeEastern Caribbean Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UM35'>(UTC -3:30Newfoundland Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UM3'>(UTC -3:00ArgentinaBrazilFrench GuianaUruguay</option>
                <
option value='UM2'>(UTC -2:00South Georgia/South Sandwich Islands</option>
                <
option value='UM1'>(UTC -1:00AzoresCape Verde Islands</option>
                <
option value='UTC' selected='selected'>(UTCGreenwich Mean TimeWestern European Time</option>
                <
option value='UP1'>(UTC +1:00Central European TimeWest Africa Time</option>
                <
option value='UP2'>(UTC +2:00Central Africa TimeEastern European TimeKaliningrad Time</option>
                <
option value='UP3'>(UTC +3:00Moscow TimeEast Africa Time</option>
                <
option value='UP35'>(UTC +3:30Iran Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UP4'>(UTC +4:00Azerbaijan Standard TimeSamara Time</option>
                <
option value='UP45'>(UTC +4:30Afghanistan</option>
                <
option value='UP5'>(UTC +5:00Pakistan Standard TimeYekaterinburg Time</option>
                <
option value='UP55'>(UTC +5:30Indian Standard TimeSri Lanka Time</option>
                <
option value='UP575'>(UTC +5:45Nepal Time</option>
                <
option value='UP6'>(UTC +6:00Bangladesh Standard TimeBhutan TimeOmsk Time</option>
                <
option value='UP65'>(UTC +6:30Cocos IslandsMyanmar</option>
                <
option value='UP7'>(UTC +7:00Krasnoyarsk TimeCambodiaLaosThailandVietnam</option>
                <
option value='UP8'>(UTC +8:00Australian Western Standard TimeBeijing TimeIrkutsk Time</option>
                <
option value='UP875'>(UTC +8:45Australian Central Western Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UP9'>(UTC +9:00Japan Standard TimeKorea Standard TimeYakutsk Time</option>
                <
option value='UP95'>(UTC +9:30Australian Central Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UP10'>(UTC +10:00Australian Eastern Standard TimeVladivostok Time</option>
                <
option value='UP105'>(UTC +10:30Lord Howe Island</option>
                <
option value='UP11'>(UTC +11:00Srednekolymsk TimeSolomon IslandsVanuatu</option>
                <
option value='UP115'>(UTC +11:30Norfolk Island</option>
                <
option value='UP12'>(UTC +12:00FijiGilbert IslandsKamchatka Time, New Zealand Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UP1275'>(UTC +12:45Chatham Islands Standard Time</option>
                <
option value='UP13'>(UTC +13:00Phoenix Islands TimeTonga</option>
                <
option value='UP14'>(UTC +14:00Line Islands</option>
        </
select>
</
form><p>This menu is useful if you run a membership site in which your users are
allowed to set their local timezone value
.</p>
<
p>The first parameter lets you set the &#8220;selected&#8221; state of the menu. For
exampleto set Pacific time as the default you will do this:</p>
<
div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">timezone_menu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;UM8&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</
div>
<
p>Please see the timezone reference below to see the values of this menu.</p>
<
p>The second parameter lets you set a CSS class name for the menu.</p>
<
p>The fourth parameter lets you set one or more attributes on the generated select tag.</p>
<
div class="admonition note">
<
class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<
class="last">The text contained in the menu is found in the following
language file
: <cite>language/&lt;your_lang&gt;/date_lang.php</cite></p>
</
div>
</
dd></dl>

</
div>
<
div class="section" id="timezone-reference">
<
h2><class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Timezone Reference</a><class="headerlink" href="#timezone-reference" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<
p>The following table indicates each timezone and its location.</p>
<
p>Note some of the location lists have been abridged for clarity and formatting.</p>
<
table border="1" class="docutils">
<
colgroup>
<
col width="14%" />
<
col width="86%" />
</
colgroup>
<
thead valign="bottom">
<
tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Time Zone</th>
<
th class="head">Location</th>
</
tr>
</
thead>
<
tbody valign="top">
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM12</td>
<
td>(UTC 12:00Baker/Howland Island</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM11</td>
<
td>(UTC 11:00Samoa Time ZoneNiue</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM10</td>
<
td>(UTC 10:00Hawaii-Aleutian Standard TimeCook Islands</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM95</td>
<
td>(UTC 09:30Marquesas Islands</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM9</td>
<
td>(UTC 09:00Alaska Standard TimeGambier Islands</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM8</td>
<
td>(UTC 08:00Pacific Standard TimeClipperton Island</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM7</td>
<
td>(UTC 07:00Mountain Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM6</td>
<
td>(UTC 06:00Central Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM5</td>
<
td>(UTC 05:00Eastern Standard TimeWestern Caribbean</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM45</td>
<
td>(UTC 04:30Venezuelan Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM4</td>
<
td>(UTC 04:00Atlantic Standard TimeEastern Caribbean</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM35</td>
<
td>(UTC 03:30Newfoundland Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM3</td>
<
td>(UTC 03:00ArgentinaBrazilFrench GuianaUruguay</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UM2</td>
<
td>(UTC 02:00South Georgia/South Sandwich Islands</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UM1</td>
<
td>(UTC -1:00AzoresCape Verde Islands</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UTC</td>
<
td>(UTCGreenwich Mean TimeWestern European Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP1</td>
<
td>(UTC +1:00Central European TimeWest Africa Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP2</td>
<
td>(UTC +2:00Central Africa TimeEastern European Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP3</td>
<
td>(UTC +3:00Moscow TimeEast Africa Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP35</td>
<
td>(UTC +3:30Iran Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP4</td>
<
td>(UTC +4:00Azerbaijan Standard TimeSamara Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP45</td>
<
td>(UTC +4:30Afghanistan</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP5</td>
<
td>(UTC +5:00Pakistan Standard TimeYekaterinburg Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP55</td>
<
td>(UTC +5:30Indian Standard TimeSri Lanka Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP575</td>
<
td>(UTC +5:45Nepal Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP6</td>
<
td>(UTC +6:00Bangladesh Standard TimeBhutan TimeOmsk Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP65</td>
<
td>(UTC +6:30Cocos IslandsMyanmar</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP7</td>
<
td>(UTC +7:00Krasnoyarsk TimeCambodiaLaosThailandVietnam</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP8</td>
<
td>(UTC +8:00Australian Western Standard TimeBeijing Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP875</td>
<
td>(UTC +8:45Australian Central Western Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP9</td>
<
td>(UTC +9:00Japan Standard TimeKorea Standard TimeYakutsk</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP95</td>
<
td>(UTC +9:30Australian Central Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP10</td>
<
td>(UTC +10:00Australian Eastern Standard TimeVladivostok Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP105</td>
<
td>(UTC +10:30Lord Howe Island</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP11</td>
<
td>(UTC +11:00Srednekolymsk TimeSolomon IslandsVanuatu</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP115</td>
<
td>(UTC +11:30Norfolk Island</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP12</td>
<
td>(UTC +12:00FijiGilbert IslandsKamchatka, New Zealand</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP1275</td>
<
td>(UTC +12:45Chatham Islands Standard Time</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-even"><td>UP13</td>
<
td>(UTC +13:00Phoenix Islands TimeTonga</td>
</
tr>
<
tr class="row-odd"><td>UP14</td>
<
td>(UTC +14:00Line Islands</td>
</
tr>
</
tbody>
</
table>
</
div>
</
div>


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div>
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