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The GNU General Public License (GPL)
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright
(C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute
verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not
allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take
away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General
Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's
software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some
other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library
General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs,
too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have
the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this
service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free
programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your
rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these
rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate
to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the
software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of
such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients
all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or
can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know
their rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the
software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission
to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's
protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that
there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by
someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they
have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will
not reflect on the original authors' reputations.
Finally, any free
program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the
danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain
patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this,
we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free
use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for
copying, distribution and modification follow.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR
COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any
program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright
holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public
License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or
work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program
or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work
containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with
modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter,
translation is included without limitation in the term
"modification".) Each licensee is addressed as
"you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and
modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope.
The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the
Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether
that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and
distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it,
in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on
each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep
intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this
License along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical
act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty
protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies
of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the
Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms
of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these
conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent
notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole
or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to
be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of
this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands
interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that
there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that
users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the
user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself
is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work
based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These
requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable
sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be
reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then
this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you
distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same
sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the
distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose
permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to
each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the
intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work
written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to
control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the
Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the
Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume
of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the
scope of this License.
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a
work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under
the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the
following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding
machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software
interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at
least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed
under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for
software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you
received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This
alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer,
in accord with Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the
preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an
executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all
modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus
the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable.
However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not
include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself
accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code
is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering
equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not
copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly
provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify,
sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically
terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have
received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their
licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full
compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you
have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify
or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program),
you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms
and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works
based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work
based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from
the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on
the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not
responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this
License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of
patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so
as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any
other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute
the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit
royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies
directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy
both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of
the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or
unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section
is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in
other circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you
to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest
validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of
protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous
contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system
in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the
author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software
through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.
This
section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a
consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or
use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or
by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the
Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution
limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted
only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License
incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this
License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail
to address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a
distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of
this License which applies to it and "any later version", you
have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation.
If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may
choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
10.
If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs
whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for
permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software
Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make
exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of
preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of
promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO
WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT
WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW
OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO
MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO
YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED
INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE
PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS
AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you
develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use
to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so,
attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to
the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of
warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line
and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
one line to give
the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.
Copyright (C)
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it
will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of
the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
02111-1307 USA
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic
and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision
version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with
ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software,
and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show
c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should
show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c';
they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your
program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer)
or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the
program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne,
Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest
in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers)
written by James
Hacker.
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President
of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your
program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library,
you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
General Public License instead of this License.